Captain Matthew Flinders RN

Matthew Flinders (1774–1814), navigator, entered the British navy at the age of fifteen. At twenty he sailed for Sydney on the same ship as surgeon George Bass, with whom he later made his first exploratory excursions in New South Wales, and with whom, in 1798–1799, he proved Van Diemen’s Land to be an island. Having returned to England, he set out again in 1801 on the Investigator, reaching Western Australia in December. Mapping the entire southern coast, he arrived in Port Jackson in May 1802. On 22 July he headed north, making detailed surveys of Queensland’s coastline and islands on his increasingly unseaworthy vessel. With him was Bungaree, whom Flinders later described as ‘a native, whose good disposition and manly conduct attracted my esteem’. They limped into Port Jackson on 9 June 1803. A few weeks later Flinders sailed for England as a passenger on HMS Porpoise to secure a suitable ship to continue his explorations. Porpoise struck a reef and was lost, but Flinders navigated its cutter more than 1127 kilometres back to Sydney and its crew was saved. In December 1803, returning to England, Flinders was forced to take port in Mauritius, where he was detained until 1810 under suspicion of being an English spy. Having returned to England at last, he wrote up his findings under the title A Voyage to Terra Australis. The day after its publication, he died. His grave, the whereabouts of which was long a mystery, was discovered beneath Euston Station, London, in January 2019 during archaeological surveys pending construction of a high-speed railway.

Collection: National Portrait Gallery
Gift of Ted and Gina Gregg 2012