James Heath commenced an apprenticeship with an engraver named Joseph Collyer at the age of fourteen. He eventually became one of the leading engravers of his time, between 1777 and his retirement in 1822 producing numerous engravings for magazines and books including JC Lavater's Essays on Physiognomy (1789); George Vancouver's A voyage of discovery to the north Pacific Ocean, and round the world (1798); and editions of poetry and Shakespeare. In 1791, Heath was elected an associate of the Royal Academy and in 1794 was appointed historical engraver to George III. Heath also engraved numerous portraits on commission; and produced engravings of paintings by many leading artists, including Joseph Wright of Derby, Francis Wheatley, Benjamin West and Gilbert Stuart. Heath amassed a considerable fortune and his circle of friends included actors Richard Kemble and Sarah Siddons; artists Joshua Reynolds and Thomas Lawrence; and playwright Richard Brinsley Sheridan.
